SKU: 3207958436
best herbicide for nettles

best herbicide for nettles Avenger® | AG Optima Burndown Herbicide | Concentrate

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Description

best herbicide for nettles Avenger® | AG Optima Burndown Herbicide | ConcentrateAvenger AG Optima Burndown Herbicide Concentrate 1 gal. Item # AVGR OPTC1G 04 View SDS Avenger AG Optima is an excellent botanical alternative to synthetic, toxic herbicides when you need to use in areas where children and pets are present. Its intended for both agricultural and non agricultural use and has a more economical dilution ratio versus competitors. Using a natural citrus oil base, this is a non selective herbicide that kills a broad

Avenger® | AG Optima Burndown Herbicide | Concentrate | 1 gal.
Item # AVGR-OPTC1G-04 - View SDS

Avenger® AG Optima is an excellent botanical alternative to synthetic, toxic herbicides when you need to use in areas where children and pets are present. It’s intended for both agricultural and non-agricultural use and has a more economical dilution ratio versus competitors.  Using a natural citrus oil base, this is a non-selective herbicide that kills a broad spectrum of weeds and unwanted grasses naturally and quickly. Its main ingredient is d-Limonene and it is for use in organic production around both food crop and non-crop areas. Always follow label directions.

  • Environment: Outdoors, Crops, Orchards & Vineyards, Nursery
  • Active Ingredients: d-Limonene (citrus oil)
  • Shelf Life: 2 years from manufacture date
  • Toxicity: No toxicity known
  • Certifications: EPA, USDA NOP
  • Storage: Store in original container

 How to Use: 

Mix this product in clean water and apply to the foliage of vegetation to be controlled. Spray until weeds are thoroughly wet. Because the underside of the weed leaf may be more susceptible, side sprays are recommended.

Environmental Conditions:

Avenger® AG Optima is effective over a wide range of environmental conditions. Cool weather may slow the activity of the product. For best results, spray when ambient high temperatures are expected above 50°F and lows above freezing. On cooler days, spray during the warm part of the day. Allow heavy dew to evaporate prior to Avenger® AG Optima applications. Do not apply if windy conditions exist or rain is expected within 2 hours.

 Mixing of Avenger® AG Optima:

 Fill the spray tank ½ full with clean water. Add Avenger® AG Optima while agitating. Then fill remainder with water.

 Tank Mixing of Avenger® AG Optima:

 Fill the spray tank ½ full with clean water. Add any dry formulations and then liquid formulations to the tank. Add Avenger® AG Optima while agitating. Then fill remainder with water.

 Restrictions:

 Do NOT exceed 5 gallons of Avenger® AG Optima (20.4 lbs. d-limonene) per acre per application. Do NOT exceed a total of 16 gallons of Avenger® AG Optima (65.1 lbs. d-limonene; Table 1) per acre per year. Determine the final desired finished spray volume according to the appropriate dilution as describe in Table 1. Irrigation and Aerial

Applications: Do not apply this product through any type of irrigation system or by aerial application.

 Spray Drift Management:

 Follow directions for minimizing spray drift. Do not allow the herbicide solution to contact desirable vegetation as small amounts can cause severe damage to crops and other desirable plants. AVOID CONTACT WITH CROP – Intentional or accidental contact (including drift) of Avenger® AG Optima with the crop may result in severe damage or loss of the crop.

 Application Rate:

Four types of applications are described below: Broadcast, Banded, Spot and Pre-Harvest Desiccation. Mixing volumes for two dilution rates are found in Table 1. Apply Avenger® AG Optima at a 7-10% mixture depending on the size of the weeds. For smaller, young, actively growing weeds and grasses, apply the lower 7% mixture. For controlling larger, tough to kill weeds, use the higher 10% mixture. Use the lowest mixture whenever possible to control weeds and grass.

  • Broadcast Applications: Broadcast treatments are used for burndown of unwanted weeds and grass across a field or a plot or apply to burndown winter foliage. Apply Avenger® AG Optima at pre-emergence or at planting. Applications must be made before seedling emergence to avoid severe injury. Allow at least 2 days between application and transplanting. Spray until weeds and grass are thoroughly wet.
  • Banded Applications: Control or suppression of emerged weeds and grasses in row middles and between vines and trees. Apply Avenger® AG Optima at a 7-10% mixture depending on the size of the weeds. Only use the 10% mixture when absolutely necessary to control difficult weeds. Apply by directing spray between the rows and using hooded sprayers to prevent spray contact with crop plants. Keep hoods adjusted to ensure adequate contact with weeds and grass while shielding the crop from the herbicide. To minimize drift, do not use nozzles or nozzle configurations that produce fine droplets (mist).
  • Spot Applications: In cool situations or for tough to kill weeds, a more concentrated spray of d-limonene may be needed. In such situations, a 10% mixture of Avenger® AG Optima (1:10 mixture) may be used up to one (1) week before harvest (see Table 1).
  • Pre-Harvest Desiccation of Vegetable Vines: Apply Avenger® AG Optima at a 7 or 10% mixture to aid in the desiccation of vegetable vines prior to harvest operations. A second application may be necessary to obtain sufficient desiccation.

Table 1. Mixing Directions of Avenger® AG Optima

Desired Spray volume (gallons)

7%

10%

1

9 fl. Oz

13 fl. Oz

60

4.2 gal

6 gal

100

7 gal

10 gal

160

11.2 gal

16 gal

228

16 gal

N/A

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SKU: 3207958436

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4.8 ★★★★★
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Blake West
Lake Worth, US
★★★★★ 4
Interesting anthropology and critique, but dense and obtuse writing
Format: Kindle
The good part is that at the end of the day, I learned a lot here, and Polanyi raised a lot of very interesting and under-discussed historical points to create his argument. It felt very similar to David Graeber (or I guess Graeber is similar to Polanyi) in that way. The bad part is that, whereas Graeber writes with exceptional clarity and vividness, Polanyi is obtuse and dense. And I've read other books from this era, I don't think it's the time. I think it's Polanyi's writing. Beyond that, his work serves more as analysis than prescription. It's a bit unclear exactly what he's advocating for. Which maybe is OK, though I prefer when non fiction writers offer solutions rather than just pointing out problems. All in all, if you can settle in with his writing, there are definite gems in there.
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Reviewed in the United States on June 5, 2026
K
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Kitty Bryant
Dallas, US
★★★★★ 5
Inspiring analysis of economic history
Format: Paperback
Polanyi presents economic history through an analysis of the "utopian" catastrophy of the self-regulating market economy. Polanyi argues that the free market economy treats the most essential elements of human society - labor, nature, and money - as if they should be exploited like commodities. When liberalism (free marketeerism) rules, then the economy dictates what is possible in human society, and these rules are intolerable because they create conditions under which humans are impoverished and disempowered. In his final chapter he lays out the battle ground between liberalism and its alternatives, which when he was writing (1945) were socialism and fascism. Fascism refuses the dictates of economic liberalism but substitutes in its place the dictates of a state that denies individual freedom. Socialism, alternatively, holds the only promise of true freedom for the individual where economic and political rules are developed and enforced democratically for the protection of society. While this is not an easy read because it demands a background in history, he is a fluent and persuasive writer.
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Reviewed in the United States on February 2, 2023
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Freh
Alexandria, US
★★★★★ 5
This 1944 classic recounts the fatal flaws of market liberalism that led to the Great Depression and World Wars I & II
Format: Paperback
The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time. Karl Polanyi. 1944. In 1944, the opposing monumental classics, The Road to Serfdom by Friedrich Hayek and The Great Transformation by Karl Polanyi, were published. From the right, Hayek argued that market liberalism led to prosperity, political liberty, and prevention of authoritarian governance. From the left, Polanyi argued that the rise of market liberalism during the industrial revolution led to intolerable hardship, inevitable unsustainable countermeasures, and finally collapse into fascism, the Great Depression, and World Wars I and II. Since their publication during World War II, these markedly opposed ideas have now been tested by seventy years of history. For the first thirty years after the war, policies reflecting Polanyi’s ideas led to a mixed economy of government policies and regulated markets in the US, northern Europe, and elsewhere that produced robustly increased prosperity broadly shared at all income levels. For the next forty years, ascendency of Hayek’s ideas led to reduction of the role of government with attendant economic instability, rising inequality (with all economic gains going to the rich in the US), and coercive imposition of market liberalism by authoritarian governments with disastrous results throughout Latin America and the former Soviet Union. Given the adverse consequences of resurgent market liberalism, the rebuttal of its ideas in The Great Transformation is as important today as ever. In The Great Transformation, Polanyi maintains that before the industrial revolution, markets did not play an important role in human society—they were embedded in society rather than the other way around. Goods and services were generally distributed without the motive for profit by the non-market mechanisms of reciprocity according to social relations, centralized storage with redistribution, and production for one’s own use known as householding. When present, the role of markets was peripheral and subordinate to politics, religion, and social relations. The industrial revolution brought about an almost miraculous improvement in the tools of production accompanied by catastrophic dislocations of the lives of the common people, of which poverty was merely the economic aspect. During this time, English thinkers created the theory of market liberalism, which radically reversed the previous subordination of markets to society by removing the role for government so that society was instead subordinated to self-regulating markets (without government interference). This change required that human labor, nature, and money be turned into commodities that could be bought and sold without regard to human and social considerations. Efficient functioning of markets also required callous indifference to the social dislocation, poverty, and damage to nature that resulted and even to hunger as a motivating factor for the working class. This change from regulated to self-regulating markets that organized the whole of society on the principle of gain and profit marked a great transformation of the nature of society by the removal of democratic control of markets. The goals of this transformation were unrealistically utopian and could never be achieved without annihilating the human and natural substance of society. Even during its installation, laissez-faire proved to be a myth. Government action was mandatory to adjust the supply of money and credit, to enforce provisions for labor and land, and to prevent political disruption. Even with this level of government activity, market liberalism still imposed unsustainable hardships on ordinary people from speculative excess, growing inequality, competition from imports, depressions, unemployment, poverty, and reduced entitlement to assistance. By the late 1800s, these impossible pressures of the self-regulating market necessarily led to a countermovement in industrialized nations to protect their societies from the market. This countermovement included protectionism for national markets and competition for colonies to take resources from other societies. In exotic and colonial regions with the absence of protective measures unspeakable suffering resulted. Thus Polanyi characterizes market societies as having two opposing movements, referred to as a “double movement.” These two contradictory movements resulted in simultaneous struggles to expand the scope of the market because of the opportunities for some and to limit the scope of the market because of the adverse consequences for many. These internal contradictions led to disruptive stresses and strains that were unsustainable for market societies. In the domestic economy, class conflict resulted from issues like the choice between inflation for stability of workers incomes and employment and deflation for stability of currency for investors. Market liberals from Spencer to Mises held that popular democracy was a danger to capitalism and that workers should not have the right to vote. In the international economy, relentless shocks imposed by the gold standard forced nations to consolidate around heightened national and imperial boundaries. In international politics, intensified political, military, and economic rivalries finally culminated in World War I. By this time, the class struggle over market liberalism was at an impasse. For a critical decade, economic liberals supported authoritarian intervention in service of their deflationary policy to protect currency exchange and investment. This merely weakened the democratic forces that might otherwise have averted the fascist catastrophe. During the Great Depression, the gold standard finally collapsed, foreign debts were repudiated, capital markets and world trade dwindled away, and the global political and economic system disintegrated. In a second great transformation of society that followed, the replacements of market society by fascism, socialism, and the New Deal were similar only in discarding laissez-faire principles. The conflict between the market and the elementary requirements of an organized social life had ultimately destroyed society. World Wars I and II merely hastened its destruction. In 1944, Polanyi appears to have regarded the utopia of market liberalism as utterly discredited. He expressed the hope that the passing of market economy could become the beginning of an era of unprecedented freedom. He noted that freedom as the absence of power and compulsion as claimed by market liberals is not possible in a complex society. The function of power is to ensure the measure of conformity which is needed for the survival of the group: its ultimate source is opinion. Regulation both extends and restricts freedom; only the balance of freedoms lost and won is significant. The comfortable classes enjoy the freedom provided by leisure in security. They resent the suggestion to spread out income, leisure, and security to extend to others the freedom they enjoy. Obviously, those who lack security cannot enjoy the same freedom as the comfortable classes. Those who want more freedom for all need not fear that either power or planning will undermine their freedom. Regulation and control in a complex society strive to give us all the security we need to achieve freedom not only for the few, but for all.
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Reviewed in the United States on July 22, 2017
U
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Usman A. Ghani
Whiting, US
★★★★★ 5
Must read for contemporary (and all) times.
Format: Paperback
This is a great book. I wonder why we were not taught this in the freshman year, or at least as a counterpoint to Econ101. It opens up the perspective to seeing culture, economics, politics, and technology in an integrated way with an emphasis on social choesion as a unifying fabric for humanity and, looking for the right rate of economic reform. Much of what we do as "development" can in fact be harmful in the long (also short) run if we are not sensitive to the premises Polanyi is alerting us to. This is not counterpoint or counterfactual thesis per se. I am a strong proponent of the market system and also realize that this system is subsumed and must be complementary to the larger, complex social system where things are interconnected. An effective policy can only result from the collective consideration of these together. Polanyi's writing style is clear, direct, and simple and, unlike deeply nomenclature-intense economics write-ups, this book is rather an easy read. When we prescribe/teach The Industrial Revolution as an essential or secondary reading, The Great Transformation should also be a companion reading.
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Reviewed in the United States on September 6, 2013
T
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Tanthallas
Phoenix, US
★★★★★ 5
Read!
Format: Paperback
Well, I was going to review this wonderful work. However, Robert Moore's review is so spot on that there is really no need to take up more space. Also I need a nap. Anyway, this book is truly fascinating. If you are at all interested in Political Economy, this is perhaps one of the most important books you will ever read. There is no school which has the authors name attached to it, nor is there a political movement dedicated to the realization of his ideas. In most cases this is because the author did not contribute original thought or make an adequate connection of his thought process with reality. In Polanyi's case, this is because the originality of his thought cuts through the specialized form in which science and social studies is presented today and cannot possible be claimed to belong to 'economics' any more than it can of 'sociology', 'anthropology', 'history', 'international relations', etc.. Read this book.
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Reviewed in the United States on July 3, 2009

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